In Traction Distribution system timely identification of location of earth fault is the biggest challenge before traction engineers.
SMI TI/IN/0024 provides us a better insight of the same as mentioned in para 4.2 and 6.1 for analysis of the same based upon mentioned parameters. However the SMI was framed in the year 2010 very next year of 2009 prior to that event recording of V, I, R, X, PA was either not configured or not standardized. However pre and post fault cycle downloading facility was facilitated through serial port for better analysis.
The general concern of detecting wrong fault distance has raised to the much extend now a days. It is worth to mention that data analysis of post fault details latched in the relay not only dictates exact fault distance but also convey the nature of fault like DJ not opened by driver, LA likely to fail, Bridging BM trouble, arcing fault, WPC, tree branch touching, bird fault, solid earth fault etc .